Types of ADHD Medications
ADHD medications can reduce symptoms by enhancing the way neurons transmit messages. Certain medications boost neurotransmitters while others reduce the process of reuptake.
Stimulants
The majority of stimulants used to treat ADHD are methylphenidates (including Ritalin) or amphetamines. They can start working within 20 minutes, and last for up to four hours. They come in pill or patch form.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most common kind of prescription medication that healthcare professionals employ to treat ADHD. They work by increasing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters). These neurotransmitters aid people to focus, think and control their emotions. When people suffering from ADHD are prescribed stimulant medications they typically notice that their symptoms are less severe. It can take a while for the doctor and patient to discover the right medication for each person.
Stimulant medicines can be consumed in pills or liquids. They are usually taken twice or three times a day. Some are immediate-release, meaning they start to work immediately. Some are extended-release and operate over a longer period. The majority of stimulants prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD belong to the methylphenidate class. The most commonly prescribed methylphenidate is Adderall. Other brand names include Concerta Ritalin Focalin.
Amphetamines are also sometimes used to treat ADHD however they have more of an amplifying effect than the methylphenidates. In the past, these drugs were used primarily by truck drivers, athletes and students as they kept them awake and alert. Amphetamines can also reduce appetite and increase heart rate and blood pressure. Some doctors only prescribe this medication group to children suffering from severe symptoms who do not respond well to other treatments.
Atomoxetine is a different medication which has been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. It works by preventing the reuptake of the chemical noradrenaline which assists in transmitting messages between neurons. Atomoxetine can be given to adults, teens and children older than 5 years old, if methylphenidate or Lisdexamfetamine are not available. It's available in tablets that are immediate-release or a controlled-release capsule that's taken once or twice per day.
Side effects of stimulant medications may include upset stomach and heart rate fluctuations or blood pressure, as well as tics. Tics are sudden, repetitive sound or movements such as eye blinks or throat clearing. The majority of people who take stimulants do not develop tics, however, certain teens and children who take them suffer from them. best adhd medication for adults with anxiety of stimulants include headaches, loss of appetite and difficulty sleeping.
Medications are only part of a comprehensive treatment plan for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy, behavior therapy, training for skills and lifestyle adjustments. These medications can be combined with these other treatments to maximize the benefits for those suffering from ADHD.
ADHD treatment continues to be used into adulthood. As people age, a lot of them still need medication, behavioral therapy and/or skill training.
The National Resource Center for ADHD provides information and resources.
The FDA recommends that healthcare professionals closely observe patients when they are taking ADHD medication to ensure that the right dose is being taken and that it is having a an impact positive on the person's symptoms. Regular appointments with a doctor are required to monitor for negative reactions or any other health issues. During these visits the doctor will inquire about any other medications the patient is taking--both prescription and non-prescription, such as supplements, over-the counter drugs and herbal remedies.